Oil-filter.



I. W. PETERSON 6L I. P. QUAIVI.

OIL FILTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9. H315.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

...ma bz l J. W. PETERSON & I. P. QUANI.

olL FILTER. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9,19I5- PatentedSept. 11, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. W. PETERSON & J. P. GUAM:

o"|L MLTER.

APPLICATION FILED 1UNE`9. I9!5.

Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 ifm! ma@ e 2660225 g55 Ownage "entran srarais JOHN W. PETERSON AND JAMES P. QUAM. 0F IMILVAUKEE, EVISCONSN, SSIGNOBS TO THE RICIIARDSON-PHENIX` CO., F` MILWAUKEE, WISGQNSN, A CORPORATION 0F WISCONSIN.

' OIL-FILTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ilatented Sept iti;

Application led June El, 12H5. Serial No. 33,000.

.invented certain new and useful improvement-s in Oil-Filters, ot' which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part thereof.

The main objects ot theinvention are to secure the greatest capacity Within a given compass; to facilitate access to the internal parts ot the jlter for cleaning, repairing or renewing the same; to maintain the same ditlerencefot pressure on opposite sides of the lilter cloth and thus evenly distribute the work oi filtration over its entire area; to provide for the separate removal of the several filtering units or elements Without interrupting or interfering.)r with the continuous and proper operation ot the filter; to facilitate removing and replacing the liltering, cloth on the trames of the several elements or units tor the purpose of cleaning or renewing the same; to avoid Jfolds and wrinkles in the cloth which would intertere with its proper action; to automatically remove water precipitated from the 'oil with in the filter and maintain a substantially v constant low Water level in' the precipitation compartment; to automatically regulate the head of oil in the filtration compartment and hence the rate of filtration or flow through the filtering cloth, according` to varying demands on the filter; an'd generally' to improve. the construction and operation of iltere ot' this class.

lt consists in the construction, arrange ment and combination et parts as herein after particularly described and pointed out in'the claims.

ln the accompanying drawing like characters designate the same parts in the several figures.

Figure l is a vertical cross section on the line 1-1, Figs. 3 and li, Otan oil filter e1nbodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the filter on .the line 2-2, Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3, Fig. l; Fig. 4: is a vertical longitudinal section on the line l--Llt7 Fig. l; Fig. 5 is an enlarged side elevation and partial vertical v section on' the line 5-5, Fig. 6, of one of the i'ilter elements; Fig. G is a top plan 'vieu' .support the bottom of the filter above the top thereof, as shown, and which is provi l i hot air coil 5% oi the same; Fig. 7 .is an `elevation and tial vertical section on the line 'iT-17, Fig. 5; of the element. a portion oiE which is broken away; and Fig. 8 is a. partial horizontal section on. the line 8 8., Fig.

The filter comprises a casing` l; `which is preferably made of sheet lnetai reinforced by metal angle and channel bars, as shown, and provided with suitable :2, which ioor or foundation on which it rests. ylhe casing; 1 is divided by partitions into a precipitation compartment 3, a vfiltration conipartaient T', and a clean oil compartment occupying the space below and between the precipitation and filtration compartments and extending' around the opposite sides or ends ot' the filtration compartment.

A heating chamber or compart-nientV (i, also preferably made ot sheet niet-al, 'is remoif'ahly mounted ou the main casina l, over the precipitation compartment 3, r-:liich it normally closes. Vlhis cli-.miller or compart- A ment is provided with a shallow heating; tray i", which may be suspended from the Ell with a heating element such as a steam ,er strainer 9, provided with an inve l if -shaped screen or strain r l0, as shown in Figs. l and 2, renom/siam fitted in an opening in the top of the chamber orpcompartrnent t3. over 'the tray 7. rEhe heating chamber 6 is provided on the front side, as shown in Figs. l and Ji, With a ther-- moineter 1l., for indicating the temperature of the dirty or unpuriied oil entering the filter, and the mai-n casing is provided, shown in Fig. 3, with a. thermometer i221. for indicating the temperature ot the oil in the clean oil compartment 5.

The precipitation compartment 3 pro, vided with a number of trays 13, removably litting therein, one above another, with openings between alternate ends thereoic and the ends of the compartment tor the upward loivot oil from the lower part ot the compartment horizontally hack and forth over the several trays into the upper part ot the compartment. The several trays are provided with legs let for supporting them at a` distance from one another and from the bottom ot the compartment and permittingl the oil to `510W'horif/.ontally over and be Sie loll

, enlargement or tion with a drain above the top tray 13, and

opening 25 communicates with an oblong I' isnpply :or inlet n with one another, as shown tween them. A vertical standpipe or conductor 15, is attached at its lower end to the bottom oli' the lowest tray adjacent to one end thereof, and at its upper end fits loosely around a raised funnel 16* in the bottom of the heating chamber in open communication therewith. At the lower end of the pipe or conductor l5, which opens through the bottom of the lowest tray 13, said tray is provided with a baille or delecting plate 17, which spreads and directs the oil discharge from said pipe orconductor into the lower part of the precipitation compartment horizontally along the bottom of said tray t` ward the vertical opening at its opposite emi.' 'Each of the upper trays 13 is provided around an opening in the bottom thereof' through which the pipe or conductor 15 passes, with a by-pass funnel 18, extending at its lower end into the upper larger end of a corresponding fennel of the tray next bed low it. The lowestl tween the baille plate 17 and the adjacent endof the tray, with a pipe or spout 19 leading downwardly from an opening in the bottom of the tray into the lower part of the precipitation compartment 3, below the normal low water level maintained therein, as hereinafter explained. At one side or end thereof, the main casing is provided with an adjustable automatic water overllow cmmnnnicaling with the precipitation comparti.. ont near the bottom.

his overflow consists of two upright pipes or tubes 2O "and i, of different diameters, arranged one within the other, with a space between them. The outer pipe 20 is con nected 'at its lower end by a suitable fitting `with the lower pa rt of the compartment 3, and at its upper end is provided with an funnel 22, and the inner pipe 21, ywhich is fastened and supported at its lower enclin said fitting in communicaor waste pipe 23, is provided at'its upper end with a vertically adjustable funnel 24. vwhich is threaded onV said-pipe within the 'funnel 22. The side wall of the compartment 3 next to the compartment 5 is formed with an oblong overflow opening/25, the lower edge of which operates as a skimmer or Weir to maintain a substantially constant oil level the overflow pocket 26, which is connected by a pipe 27 4with ythe lupper part of the filtration compartment 4, said pipe constituting the oil connection of' said lcompartment. ""The'ltration compartment is provided with a numbeixof separately removable noncollapsible hollow filter units or elements 28, preferably arranged side vby side parallel in Figs. 3 and 4..

As illustrated in Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive,

action. The frame is -flanged and provided of the bag tray 13 is provided be-y v fitted y partment these filter elements are preferably corrv structed as follows:

Each element comprises an oblong metal frame 29, having opposite broad parallel sides 30, made of perforated metal or coarsely woven wire, and a bag 31, smoothly and removably fitting over the frame and preferably consisting of cloth having loosely 'twisted woven threads, the fuzz or fibers of which close the meshes of the cloth, thereby forming an effective filtering medium which operates on the open at the top and bottom, the bottom beingsclosed by .the cloth bag and the top. being 'internally with a removable cover 32, which fits into the frame andiis adapted to clamp the upper inturned e to the frame and tightly close the open top o the bag.

ach cover is provided at one end with a laterally projecting outlet nozzle or spout 33, and at the opposite end with an arm 34, which rests loosely on a horizontal angle iron sup port 35, in the compartment 4f when theele ment is placed in position therein. The cover is fastened in the frs me by Screws 35, extending upwardly from cross pieces in the vopen. end of Ithe frame and'providedat their upper ends witnnnts 37. The Aends of the nozzles or spouts 33 are notched and removably ltted in openings in the cases 38 of self-closing valves 39. The'. valve cases 38 are each made in two parts which haves. threaded connection with each other and are part of the rear-wallet the.. filtration com- 4, with. which they form tight joints, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The valves 39, which arev closed automatically by springs 40, are opened and held open by the notched ends of the nozzles or spouts 33, when. they are inserted inthe valve cases 38.

The covers 32 are provided with handles 41 by means of whichthey are easily removed from and replaced in the frames 29, and the filter elements 28 are removedl from and replaced inthe compartment e1..

y the construction and arrangementof the filter elements and their outlet connections as shownand described, a large area of the lltering cloth or 'medium is provided within a small compass; the greater area of the cloth is` disposed in a vertical position so that the. slime, sediment or impurities carried with the oil against its outer surface tends tom/Ork downward and drop therefrom, thereby making the elements to a great degree seltcleaning; substantially the entire area of the cloth becomes equally active before any oil can pass from the filtration compartment 4 into the partaient 5; the difference between the inside and outside pressures on the cloth principle of capillary4 and secured in openings in the upper A clean oil comdue to the head of oil above the outlets of the elements being the same over the entire active area of the cloth; and each element can. be easily removed forcleaning it and replaced -without interrupting the operation of the! filter or permitting unfiltered oil to passinto the clean oil compartment 5.

lThe purified oil is drawn voff as required for use, through a pipe connection 42, leading out of the `compartment 5, a short distance above the bottom thereof, so that sediment or impurities which may settle and collect at the bottom is preventedfrom passing out with the clean oil. A 'fiush opening in l5 the bottom of the casing l, closed by a plug 43, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, provides for draining and cleansing the clean oil compartment 5.

A gage' 44 shows the water level in the lower part of the precipitation compartment "3, and a removable plug 45 in the vlower iittingofethis gage, affords means for drawing off the oil from said compartment for the purpose of cleaning, repairing or inf specting the same, the heating chamber 6, which normally closes said compartment at the top, and several trays 18, being easily removed. A gage 46, communicating with the filtration compartment 4, as shown in 3g F 1, and showing the' level of the oil in said compartment, is provided at its upper end with an indicator 47, showingthe head of oil above the outlet nozzles 33 of the filter elements. This gage is provided at its lower 35 end with a cock 48, through which the oil may be drawn oif from the compartment ,4.

A gage 49, showing the level of the oil in the compartment 5, is provided at its lower end with a'cock 50, by means of which puri fied Oil maybe drawn from said compartment into cans for hand o ilng. t

' In the operation of the filter, the dirty oil to be purified is pumped or conducted f into the strainer box 9, where coarse impurities such as pieces of waste, are caught and held by the strainer 10. From the strainer box the oil iows into the shallow tray 7, "where Ait comes in contact with the heating 4 coil or element 8, by which its viscosity is reduced, so that water and other remaining impurities will readily separate therefrom by precipitation. The oil overiiows from the Vtray 7 intothe lower part of the chamber 6, in which it rises til-l it overiiows the 5 5 raised funnel 16 into the standpipe'or conductor 15. Passing from thelower end of the "pi e 15A, the oil is spread by the baile or de ector.` 17, and directed horizontally along the bottom of the lowest H4tray 13, to-

eo Ward the opening at its'v opposite endy 'through which it passes upwardlyl into the 'space between the top of said .tray and the 'bottom ofthe tray next aboveV it, as indi ,cated by arrows on Fig. 2. From the lower .iiart ofthe compartment 3, the thin heated oil flows slowly back and forth in a zigzag course between and over the several trays, passing upwardly through the opcningsat the opposite ends of alternate trays till it reaches the level of the outlet opening 25, or skimmer in the upper partof said compartmentI above the top tray. As the oil Hows horizontally over the several trays, water and other impurities separate therefrom and settle in the trays, from which they pass downwardly through the funnels 18 into the vlowest tray and thence through the pipe or spout 19 into the lower part of the compartinent 3, without coming in direct contact With and being taken up by the slowly flowing current of oil passing over the trays. Before the filter is started, the compartment 3 is supplied Awith water to a level above the opening from the lower part `thereof into the. pipe 20 and above the lower end of the discharge-pipe or spout 19 of the bottom tray. The automatic overiiow, working on the principle of the U-tube, whenever the column of oil and Water in compartment 3 becomes heavier than the column of water in the pipe 20, due to' the increase of the quantity of water in said compartment by precipitation from the oil', the water will overflow from the funnel 22 into the funnel 24 at the upper end of the inner pipe or tube 2l. A substantially constant low water level will thus be automatically maintained in compartment 3, sufficiently above the opening therefrom into the loverflow lto seal said opening and prevent the escape of oil through the overflow. By the adjustment of the funnel 24'up or down, the lowwater level in the compartment 3, as indicated by the gage 44, is regulated for oilsof different speeific gravities.

From the precipitation chamber 3 the oil overiows through the pocket 26 and the pipe 27, into the upper part of the iiitration compartment 4, in which it rises to a level with or above 4the outlet connections from the upper ends of the filter elements 28. Before any oil can pass from the compartment 4 into the compartment 5, the filter elements must be entirely submerged, so that the entire area 'of the cloth becomes uniformlyv active as soon as theoil level rises to the outlet openings 1n the nozzles 33 and oil begins to flow from the interior of the elements `28 into the clean oil compartment 5.

The rate at which filtration takes place depends upon the head of oil above the outlets of the filter elements, and-varies with variations in the rate of supply of dirty oil to the filter. The greater the .head of oil above the outlets from the filter elements the greater will be the difference between the external and internal pressures on the filter cloth, the rate of flow through the cloth,

and hence from the elements through the 5 purities from the oil as the oil flows slowly over the trays, on extended nrec of cloth through which the iiltering operation is evenly distributed being provided byl the bags 31 covering the trames r2.9 Without 10 folds, and the large storage capacity of the.

clean oil compartment 5, provide rior varie tions Within `Wide limits in the demands upon the lter.

As the oil asses from the com ertznent 15 4 into the lio low non-collepsible 'ilter elements 28, the .tine impurities renieining therein are separated therefrom by thel- V Atering cloth end gradually Work down on the outer surfaces thereof end drop into the 2Q, lower port of said compartment, from which they ere removed from time to time.

en any of the filter elements 28 is removed from the compartment 'll for cleaning, repairing or inspecting the seme, the

25 valve 39 in the' outlet eomiection through which it communicates; with the compartnient` 5, isnstently closed by the spring 4.0, thereby preventing any unfiltered oil from passing into the compartment :md avoid 0 ing any interruption in the operation of the filter;

A rise of the oil in compartment llabove e certain level, es shown by the indicator 47,

'1When the lilter is operating et normal 3-rzite, indicates that the filter cloth 1s clogged and needs cleaning. However, suilicient space is provided in the upper port 'of the compartment f lbetween the inlet pipe or `connection 27 and the outlet connections 3S to allow ior en increase lin the head of .oilebove the filter elements sulicient to opcrate the filter etey rete to satisfy the demande thereon lifter the lilter elotb oi some f or all of the elements has become dirt;r ond more or less clogged..

Various changes in details oi construction und arrangement of parts muy be inode Without departure from the principle end scope of the invention, as delined in the following claims.

We claim: I y 1.,In en oil filter the combination of' lil tration and clean oil compartments, openings provided with Sicili-closing, valves between said compartments, seperately removable hollow noncollupsible tiltering elements, cach loosely fitting into seid iiltru tion compartment and having an outlet nozzle removably fitting into und adapted to open'one of said valves when seid element is placed in working position.

2. In en oil filter the combination `ol' n filtration compartment having on outlet sropening, und u hollow noncollopsible flter- 111g element comprising e. freine having per- Leconte forfeited sides, e cloth bag removably fitted I seriesfof self-closing outlet valves in one of its side waits below the top thereof, e number of hollow cloth-covered ltering elements removably fitting into said compartment and provided above the filtering cloth with outlet nozzles removably itting into and adapted to open seid valves, and ineens for maintaining e. head of oil in seid compertinent above said outlet valves and nozzles.

4l. In en oil ilter the combination of a liltretion compartment having e horizontal series ci outlet openings in one of its side Walls below the top thereof and e horizontal supporting,r ,ledge on the opposite side Well, seltclosing valves connected with the outlet openings, a number of seperately removlsible noncollapsible hollow filtering elements provided et their upper ends and on opposite sides thereof with arms adapted to rest on said supporting ledge and outlet nozzles removably fitting into said outlet openings and. adopted to open seid valves, seid arms and vnozzles being adopted to support the filtering elements in vertical positions parel lel with one another in seid compartment, end means for maintaining a. heed'oi oil in said compartment above seid outlet openn inge.

5. In en oil filter the combination of e liltretion compartment having' e. horizontal series of outlet openings in one of its side 'wells end a4 horizontal support on the op ow site Well, e number oil separately remove le noneollepsiole hollow filter elements, con sisting oie frames open et the tops, cloth begs removably iitting over the frames, and removable covers adapted to close andclemp the tops of the bugs to the fra-Ines endA provided vvith arms adapted to rest on seidv support and with nozzles removably fitting into seid outlet openings, and means for maintaining o heed of oil in seid compartnient ebove seid outlet openings.v

6. lin ein oil filter the combination of e lll@ casing having a clean oil compartment and compartment above the filtering aree oli the element, and o seltclosing valve in said out let connection adopted to be opened by the insertion of the iiltcrin element in place. f

i.' in en oil filter t e combination ici e casing conteining ltifetion end lclean oil ite compartments, an oil inlet connection opening into the filtration compartment, a series -of hollow filtering elements removably fitted in the filtration compartment and having detachable outlet connections with the clean oil compartment above the ltering area of the elements, and self-closing valves in said outlet connections adapted to be opened by the insertion of the filtering elements in place.

8. In an oil. filterv the combination of se casing containing a clean oil `compartment angl a filtration compartment having an oil inlet connection and outlet openings into the clean oil compartment below the top of the hollow filtering elements fitted in and sepa# rately, removable from the filtration compartment and having outlet nozzles -itting into said outlet openings above the filtering .area of the elements and adapted when inserted in said openings to open said valves.

In witness whereol .ve hereto alix our siglnaturesjin presence of two witnesses.v

JOHN W. PETERSON. JAMES P. QUAM. Witnesses CHAS. L. Goss, ALICE E. Goss. 

